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New research on spread of swine flu
The spread of swine flu appears to be changing in recent decades. Industry, veterinarians and Dutch knowledge institutes have joined forces in a consortium that will investigate how the swine flu virus spreads on pig farms. The research project, coordinated by Wageningen Bioveterinary Research (WBVR, part of Wageningen University & Research), will last for four years.
Transmission and spread
The aim of the research initiated by the consortium, is to map spread of the swine flu virus within large pig farms in the Netherlands. This knowledge is important for the pig industry to identify measures to reduce the circulation of swine flu virus. The age groups in which swine flu viruses and antibodies to this virus can be detected will be investigated on participating pig farms. Alongside, the researchers hope to identify the virus strains that cause disease. The speed at which the virus spreads will also be examined, and which combination(s) of antibodies and immune cells provide sufficient protection to inhibit virus spread.
Flu viruses
In the past, swine flu outbreaks were mostly seen in the winter season. Nowadays, swine flu virus is demonstrated year-round on some pig farms. In most cases, the infection causes light to mild symptoms in pigs. However, when combined with other pathogens, outbreaks can be associated with severe illness.
There are flu virus strains that only infect pigs, but pigs can also be infected by flu viruses from humans or birds. In theory, it is possible that simultaneous infection of pigs with different flu viruses could lead to the emergence of virus variants with new properties, with a risk of transmission to humans.
Control and prevention
Based on the data collected in swine flu research, computer models are being developed that mimic the spread of swine flu. With these models, measures to inhibit the spread of swine flu virus, such as vaccination or extra hygiene, can be tested.
Pooling expertise
The swine flu research is carried out by Wageningen Bioveterinary Research (WBVR), part of Wageningen University & Research, in collaboration with several project partners. WBVR specialises in scientific research to prevent the spread of animal diseases and promote health. “The swine flu research is in line with our expertise,” says WBVR business unit manager Annemarie Rebel. “For this research, we combine our virological knowledge with epidemiological expertise. With this project, we expect to increase the understanding and knowledge of the spread of swine flu viruses. With this, we can contribute to animal and human health.”